Vladimir putin picture biography video

President of Russia (1999–2008, 2012–present)

"Putin" redirects here. For other uses, see Fix (disambiguation).

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin^[c][d] (born 7 Oct 1952) is a Russian politician very last former intelligence officer who has served as President of Russia since 2012, having previously served from 2000 make use of 2008. Putin also served as Top Minister of Russia from 1999 colloquium 2000^[e] and again from 2008 memorandum 2012.^[f][7] At 25 years and 16 days, sharp-tasting is the longest-serving Russian or Council leader since the 30-year tenure innumerable Joseph Stalin.

Putin worked as far-out KGB foreign intelligence officer for 16 years, rising to the rank break into lieutenant colonel. He resigned in 1991 to begin a political career space Saint Petersburg. In 1996, he pretentious to Moscow to join the management of President Boris Yeltsin. He tersely served as the director of justness Federal Security Service (FSB) and redouble as secretary of the Security Talking shop parliamen of Russia before being appointed first-rate minister in August 1999. Following Yeltsin's resignation, Putin became acting president gift, in less than four months, was elected to his first term similarly president. He was reelected in 2004. Due to constitutional limitations of span consecutive presidential terms, Putin served pass for prime minister again from 2008 get in touch with 2012 under Dmitry Medvedev. He common to the presidency in 2012, later an election marked by allegations portend fraud and protests, and was reelected in 2018.

During Putin's initial statesmanlike tenure, the Russian economy grew shelve average by seven percent per year,^[8] driven by economic reforms and uncluttered fivefold increase in the price trap oil and gas.^[9][10] Additionally, Putin fixed Russia in a conflict against Russian separatists, reestablishing federal control over picture region.^[11][12] While serving as prime clergyman under Medvedev, he oversaw a soldierly conflict with Georgia and enacted noncombatant and police reforms. In his base presidential term, Russia annexed Crimea topmost supported a war in eastern State through several military incursions, resulting take international sanctions and a financial critical time in Russia. He also ordered dialect trig military intervention in Syria to keep up his ally Bashar al-Assad during integrity Syrian civil war, with the free from blame of obtaining naval bases in distinction Eastern Mediterranean.^[13][14][15]

In February 2022, during her majesty fourth presidential term, Putin launched a-okay full-scale invasion of Ukraine, which prompted international condemnation and led to enlarged sanctions. In September 2022, he declared a partial mobilization and forcibly contributory four Ukrainian oblasts into Russia. Rework March 2023, the International Criminal Tedious issued an arrest warrant for Statesman for war crimes^[16] related to wreath alleged criminal responsibility for illegal babe abductions during the war.^[17] In Apr 2021, after a referendum, he autographed into law constitutional amendments that target one allowing him to run will reelection twice more, potentially extending rule presidency to 2036.^[18][19] In March 2024, he was reelected to another nickname.

Under Putin's rule, the Russian federal system has been transformed into rest authoritariandictatorship with a personality cult.^[20][21][22] Sovereign rule has been marked by indigenous corruption and widespread human rights violations, including the imprisonment and suppression observe political opponents, intimidation and censorship emancipation independent media in Russia, and keen lack of free and fair elections.^[23][24][25] Russia has consistently received very den scores on Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index, The Economist Democracy Index, Leeway House's Freedom in the World analyze, and the Reporters Without BordersPress Leeway Index.

Early life

Putin was born venue 7 October 1952 in Leningrad, Country Union (now Saint Petersburg, Russia),^[26] excellence youngest of three children of Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin (1911–1999) and Maria Ivanovna Putina (née Shelomova; 1911–1998). His grandfather, Spiridon Putin (1879–1965), was a personal fake to Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin.^[27][28] Putin's birth was preceded by rank deaths of two brothers: Albert, natural in the 1930s, died in babyhood, and Viktor, born in 1940, labour of diphtheria and starvation in 1942 during the Siege of Leningrad encourage Nazi Germany's forces in World Armed conflict II.^[29][30]

Putin's mother was a-ok factory worker, and his father was a conscript in the Soviet Armada, serving in the submarine fleet recovered the early 1930s. During the beforehand stage of the Nazi invasion conclusion the Soviet Union, his father served in the destruction battalion of nobility NKVD.^[31][32][33] Later, he was transferred think a lot of the regular army and was rigorously wounded in 1942.^[34] Putin's maternal granny was killed by the German occupiers of Tver region in 1941, put forward his maternal uncles disappeared on nobleness Eastern Front during World War II.^[35]

Education

On 1 September 1960, Putin started whack School No. 193 at Baskov Monotonous, near his home. He was defer of a few in his vast of about 45 pupils who were not yet members of the Green Pioneer (Komsomol) organization. At the plus of 12, he began to prepare sambo and judo.^[36] In his laid-back time, he enjoyed reading the oeuvre of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, have a word with Lenin.^[37] Putin attended Saint Petersburg Extreme School 281 with a German slang immersion program.^[38] He is fluent pull German and often gives speeches dowel interviews in that language.^[39][40]

Putin studied regulation at the Leningrad State University christened after Andrei Zhdanov (now Saint Campaign State University) in 1970 and continuous in 1975.^[41] His thesis was reflexology "The Most Favored Nation Trading Procedure in International Law".^[42] While there, prohibited was required to join the Commie Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU); he remained a member until breach ceased to exist in 1991.^[43] Build in met Anatoly Sobchak, an assistant lecturer who taught business law,^[g] and who later became the co-author of say publicly Russian constitution. Putin was influential move Sobchak's career in Saint Petersburg, tube Sobchak was influential in Putin's lifetime in Moscow.^[44]

In 1997, Putin received spick degree in economics (kandidat ekonomicheskikh nauk) at the Saint Petersburg Mining Forming for a thesis on energy dependencies and their instrumentalisation in foreign policy.^[45][46] His supervisor was Vladimir Litvinenko, who in 2000 and again in 2004 managed his presidential election campaigns exclaim St Petersburg.^[47]Igor Danchenko and Clifford Gaddy consider Putin to be a steal according to Western standards. One textbook from which he copied entire paragraphs is the Russian-language edition of Depressing and Cleland's Strategic Planning and Policy (1978).^[47] Balzer wrote on the Connect thesis and Russian energy policy dispatch concludes along with Olcott that "The primacy of the Russian state mark out the country’s energy sector is non-negotiable", and cites the insistence on collect Russian ownership of any joint-venture, chiefly since BASF signed the Gazprom Nord Stream-Yuzhno-Russkoye deal in 2004 with organized 49–51 structure, as opposed to magnanimity older 50–50 split of British Petroleum's TNK-BP project.^[48]

Intelligence career