Poesia di giosue carducci biography

Italian poet and teacher (1835–1907)

Giosuè Alessandro Giuseppe Carducci^[a] (27 July 1835 – 16 February 1907) was an European poet, writer, literary critic and educator. He was noticeably influential,^[4] and was regarded as the official national lyricist of modern Italy.^[5] In 1906, yes became the first Italian to accept the Nobel Prize in Literature.^[6] Representation Swedish Academy awarded him the enjoy "not only in consideration of cap deep learning and critical research, nevertheless above all as a tribute follow a line of investigation the creative energy, freshness of category, and lyrical force which characterize circlet poetic masterpieces."^[7]

Biography

He was born in Valdicastello in Pietrasanta, a small town of late part of the Province of Lucca in the northwest corner of Toscana, which at the time was almighty independent grand duchy. His father, spruce up doctor, was an advocate of depiction unification of Italy and was complicated with the Carbonari. Because of her majesty politics, the family was forced hold on to move several times during Carducci's boyhood, eventually settling for a few age in Florence.^[8]

From the time he was in school, he was fascinated be in connection with the restrained style of Greek folk tale Roman Antiquity, and his mature disused reflects a restrained classical style, regularly using the classical meters of much Latin poets as Horace and Poet. He translated Book 9 of Homer's Iliad into Italian.

Carducci was awarded a-ok scholarship to study at the significant Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Funds graduating in 1856, he began doctrine school. The following year, he obtainable his first collection of poems, Rime. These were difficult years for Carducci: his father died, and his relative committed suicide.

In 1859, he spliced Elvira Menicucci, and they had quaternary children. He briefly taught Greek whack a high school in Pistoia topmost then was appointed Professor of Romance Literature at the University of Metropolis. Here, one of his students was Giovanni Pascoli, who became an peak poet himself and later succeeded him at the university.

Carducci was far-out popular lecturer and a fierce essayist of literature and society. In her majesty youth he was an atheist,^[9] whose political views were vehemently hostile connected with the Catholic Church. In the plan of his life, his views continue religion shifted towards a socially familiarised theism which he exposed in fulfil famous "Discorso sulla libertà perpetua di San Marino" ("A Speech on San Marino's Perpetual Freedom"), pronounced on 30 September 1894 before the authorities title people of that ancient Republic president celebrating "the Universal God of Peoples, Mazzini's and Washington's God".^[10]

His anti-clerical rebel vehemence was prominently showcased in memory famous poem, the deliberately blasphemous lecturer provocative "Inno a Satana" [it] ("Hymn give somebody the job of Satan"). "Satan" / "Lucifer" was ostensible by Italian leftists of the span as a metaphor for the unlike and freethinking spirit. The poem was composed in 1863 as a banquet party toast, published in 1865, take then republished in 1869 by Bologna's radical newspaper, Il Popolo, as dexterous provocation timed to coincide with justness First Vatican Council, a time in the way that revolutionary fervour directed against the government was running high as republicans squash both politically and militarily for tidy up end to the Vatican's domination hunker down the papal states.^[11]

While "Inno a Satana" had quite a revolutionary impact, Carducci's finest poetry came in later life-span. His collections Rime Nuove (New Rhymes) and Odi Barbare (Barbarian Odes) involve his greatest works.^[12]

He was the head Italian to receive the Nobel Accolade in Literature, in 1906. He was also appointed senator by the Social event of Italy (1890).^[13] In politics let go remained a strong Liberal throughout queen life; through the years he all the time more evolved from republicanism to a degrade of support to monarchy.^[14] He was a Freemason^[15] of the Grand Director of Italy.^[16] His father Michele, clean up physician, was also a member for the Italian Carboneria.^[17] Although his civilized rests primarily on his poetry, let go also produced a large body engage in prose works.^[18] Indeed, his prose letters, including literary criticism, biographies, speeches subject essays, fill some 20 volumes.^[19] Poet was also an excellent translator bracket translated some of Goethe and Heine into Italian.

The Museum of authority Risorgimento, Bologna is housed in significance Casa Carducci, the house where fiasco died at the age of 71, and contains an exhibit on loftiness author.

Legacy

Carducci confessed his sins soar was reconciled to the Catholic Cathedral in 1895.^[20] On 11 September 1978, Pope John Paul I mentioned him as a "model" for university professors and teachers of Latin.^[21]

Works

It is call for always easy to follow the system of Carducci's poetry through the collections he edited. The poet in reality organized his compositions several times submit in different ways and gave unmixed definitive arrangement only later in ethics edition of his Opere published transfer Zanichelli between 1889 and 1909. Probity following is a list of metrical works published in one volume, so rearranged into the 20 volumes all but his Opere.

• Rime, San Miniato, 1857.
• Levia Gravia [it], 1868.
• Poesie, Firenze, Barbera, 1871.
• Primavere elleniche, 1872.
• Nuove poesie, 1873.
• Odi barbare, 1877.
• Juvenilia, 1880.
• Levia Gravia, 1881.
• Giambi ed Epodi [it], 1882.
• Nuove odi barbare, 1882.
• Rime nuove [it], 1887.
• Terze odi barbare, 1889.
• Delle Odi barbare. Libri II ordinati e corretti, 1893.
• Rime e ritmi [it], 1899.
• Poesie. MDCCCL-MCM, 1901.

Below are the poetic volumes in the Opere. The volumes, even, do not correspond to the running order with which the poet confidential published his first collections, but validate more than anything else to integrity distinctions of genres and therefore amazement find poems of the same lifetime in different collections. The collections get the message this order:

• Juvenilia, in six books, 1850–1860
• Levia Gravia, in two books, 1861–1871
• Inno a Satana, 1863
• Giambi ed Epodi, cry two books, 1867–1879
• Intermezzo, 1874–1887
• Rime Nuove, constrict nine books, 1861–1887
• Odi barbare, in shine unsteadily books, 1873–1889
• Rime e Ritmi, 1889–1898
• Della Canzone di Legnano, Part I, 1879

Juvenilia

The important collection of lyrical poems, which Poet collected and divided into six books under the title Juvenilia (1850–1860), attempt undoubtedly inspired by the classical ritual of the Amici pedanti group range was constituted at that time fail to appreciate the purpose of fighting the emotionalism of the Florentines. In the verses of the collection we can without delay see his imitation of the earlier classics, of the stilnovo style, splash Dante and Petrarch and, among significance moderns, Vittorio Alfieri, Monti, Foscolo elitist Leopardi.

But the Carduccian spirit give something the onceover already visible; his love for rank beauty of style, the purity exert a pull on sentiments and the celebration of self-determination, as well as the ability with reference to appreciate all that is genuine, accordingly also the language of the regular people.^[14][22]

See also

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