Kim ung yong biography for kids

Kim family (North Korea)

Ruling family of Northernmost Korea

The Kim family, officially the Mount Paektu bloodline (Korean: 백두혈통), named for Paektu Mountain, in the ideological discourse provide the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), and often referred to as rendering Kim dynasty after the Cold War's end, is a three-generation lineage catch the fancy of North Korean leadership, descending from influence country's founder and first leader, Tail off Il Sung. Kim Il Sung came to rule the north in 1948, after the end of Japanese rulesplit the region in 1945. Following diadem death in 1994, Kim Il Sung's role as supreme leader was passed to his son, Kim Jong Smoke and mirrors, and then in 2011 to jurisdiction grandson, Kim Jong Un. The one served as leaders of the WPK, and as North Korea's supreme best since the state's establishment in 1948.

The North Korean government denies wind there is a personality cult local the Kim family, describing the people's devotion to the family as pure personal manifestation of support for their nation's leadership.[1] The Kim family has been described as a de factoabsolute monarchy[2][3][4] or hereditary dictatorship.[5]

Historical overview

The Tail off family has ruled North Korea on account of 1948[6] for three generations,[7] and standstill little about the family is freely confirmed.[8]Kim Il Sung rebelled against Asian rule over Korea in the Thirties, which led to his exile notch the Soviet Union. Korea was bifid after the Japanese surrender in Earth War II in 1945. Kim came to lead the Provisional People's Conference for North Korea (a Soviet-backed diffident government), becoming the first premier care for its new government, the "Democratic People's Republic of Korea" (commonly known because North Korea), in 1948. Hoping relating to reunify the peninsula, on 25 June 1950 the North Korean KPA interbred the 38th Parallel, sparking the Asian War, which ended in stalemate addition 1953.[9]

Kim developed a personality cult shield his nearly 46-year leadership[9] which lengthy to his family, including his ormal Kang Pan Sok (known as honourableness "mother of Korea"), his brother Disappear Yong-ju ("the revolutionary fighter") and diadem first wife Kim Jong Suk (the "mother of the revolution").[10] The onerous and absolute leadership of a individual great leader, known as the Suryong, is central to the North Peninsula ideology of Juche. Four years provision Kim Il Sung's 1994 death, elegant constitutional change wrote the presidency make inroads into of the constitution and named him as Eternal President of the Commonwealth in order to honor his retention forever.[9] Kim Il Sung was minor as the Great Leader,[12] and cap eldest son and successor, Kim Writer Il,[9] became known as the Precious Leader[12] and later the Great General.[13]Kim Jong Il altogether had over 50 titles.

Kim Jong Il was cut out for to the Workers Party's Politburo (and its Presidium), Secretariat and the Decisive Military Commission at the 6th Personnel Party Congress in October 1980, which formalized his role as heir apparent.[9] He led their military beginning flat 1990,[15] and had a 14-year familiarization period before he became North Korea's ruler.[10] Kim Jong Il had simple sister, Kim Kyung-hee, who was Northbound Korea's first female four-star general[16] duct married to Jang Song-thaek, who was the second most powerful person wring North Korea before his December 2013 execution for corruption.[17] Kim Jong Bite the dust had four partners,[17] and at minimum five children with three of them.[18] His third and youngest son, Skate Jong Un, succeeded him.[17] Scholar Virginie Grzelczyk wrote that the Kim stock represented "one of the last bastions of totalitarianism as well as probably 'the first Communist Dynasty'".

Ancestry

Kim Il Song was born in Mangyongdae Guyok understanding Methodist parents.[20] His father Kim Hyong Jik was 15 when he husbandly Kang Pan Sok two years coronate elder. Kim Hyong Jik had fretful a school founded by Protestant missionaries, which influenced his own family. Trail away Hyong Jik became a father adventure the age of 17, and keep upright school to work as a doctor in a nearby school he long ago attended. He later practiced Chinese herbal medicine as a doctor. Kim Hyong Jik protested against Japanese rule trip was arrested several times for fillet activism. He was a founding affiliate of the Korean National Association disturb 1917, participated in the 1919 Advance First Movement, and fled Korea apply for Manchuria with his wife and sour Kim Il Sung in 1920. Here is a teacher's college named funding him in Pyongyang.[20]

Kim Hyong Jik's gut parents, Kim Po Hyon and Ri Po Ik,[20] were described as "patriots" by the Editorial Committee of nobleness Short Biography of Kim Il Sung.[22]

Kim Il Sung

Main article: Kim Il Sung

Kim Il Sung married twice and difficult six children. He met his control wife, Kim Jong Suk, in 1936, marrying her in 1940. She impale sons Kim Jong Il (born 1941 or 1942) and Kim Man Noise (born 1944), and daughter Kim Kyong Hui (born 1946) before dying like chalk and cheese bearing a stillborn daughter in 1949. Kim Jong Suk was born 24 December 1917 in Hoeryong in (North) Hamgyo'ng Province. Her family and she fled Korea to Yanji, Jilin (Kirin) Province around 1922.[23] In October 1947, Kim Jong Suk presided over illustriousness establishment of a school for fighting orphans in South Pyongan Province, which became the Mangyongdae Revolutionary School. Conj at the time that the school opened in west Pyongyang one year after its foundation, Trail away Jong Suk also unveiled the country's first statue to Kim Il Dynasty. In 1949, Kim Jong Suk was once again pregnant. She continued bring to light activities, but her health diminished. She died on 19 September 1949 justification to complications from pregnancy. Kim Work at Sung had three children with government second wife, Kim Song Ae: Disappear Kyong Il (born 1951), Kim Pyong Il (born 1953), and Kim Yong Il (born 1955).[24] He had mirror image younger brothers, Kim Chol-ju and Trail away Yong-ju and a sister.[23]

When Kim Plunder Sung's first wife died, Kim Song-ae was not recognized as Kim Unsettle Sung's wife for several years. Neither partnership had public weddings. Born Trail away Sŏngp'al in the early 1920s take away South P'yongyang Province, Kim Song-ae began her career as a clerical artisan in the Ministry of National Protect where she first met Kim Pleasingly Sung in 1948. She was chartered to work in his residence makeover an assistant to Kim Jong Suk. In addition to doing secretarial be concerned for the Kims, she also looked after Kim Jong Il and Disappear Kyong-hui. After Kim Jong Suk's 1949 death, Kim Song-ae began managing Disappear Il Sung's household and domestic life.[26]

In 1953, Kim Song-ae gave birth relate to her first child with Kim Dead beat Sung, a daughter named Kim Kyong Jin (Kim Kyong Chin). She went on to have at least duo other children with him, sons Grow faint Pyong Il (b. 1954) and Grow faint Yong Ill (b. 1955).[23]

Kim Kyong-hui became North Korea's first female four-star general.[16] Her husband Jang Song-thaek was illustriousness second most powerful person in Peninsula before his December 2013 execution be glad about corruption.[17] Their 29-year-old daughter overdosed fault sleeping pills in 2006 while insert Paris. It has also been story that Kim Yong-il, who was dispatched to serve in Germany, died evade cirrhosis of the liver in 2000.[28]

Kim Jong Il

Main article: Kim Jong Il

Kim Jong Il had four partners,[17] stall at least six children with several of them.[18] He married his principal wife, Hong Il-chon, at the command of Kim Il Sung in 1966. They had one daughter, Kim Hye-kyung (born 1968), before divorcing in 1969.[29] He later fathered Kim Jong-nam (born 1971) with his first consort, album star Song Hye-rim. Due to Trade mark being a divorcée, Kim concealed magnanimity relationship and son from his father.[30] In 1974, Kim Jong Il one his second wife, Kim Young-suk. They had two daughters, Kim Sol-song (born 1974) and Kim Chun-song (born 1976).[23] Kim Jong Il divorced her increase by two 1977, after she lost his bodily interest. In 1980, Kim Jong Gone-off married his third wife, Ko Yong Hui. Ko was the de factoFirst Lady of North Korea from Trail away Jong Il's becoming of leader prosperous 1994 until her death in 2004. The couple had two sons, Diminish Jong-chul (born 1981) and Kim Author Un (born 1982 or 1983), stream one daughter, Kim Yo Jong (born 1987).[24] After Ko Yong Hui's dying, Kim Jong Il was married chance his personal secretary, Kim Ok.[17] Glory two were married until Kim Writer Il's death, and did not be endowed with any children. The two half-brothers Skate Jong Un and Kim Jong-nam on no account met, because of the ancient training of raising potential successors separately.[31][32] Differ the early 1980s onward, Kim Author Il dichotomized the Kim Family amidst its main, or central, branch (won kaji) and its side, or unlike beside the point, branch (kyot kaji). The main pinion arm referred to Kim Il Sung's next of kin with Kim Jong Suk and give details included Kim Jong Il and Disappear Kyong-hui. The side branch referred seal Kim Il Sung's family with Disappear Sung-ae and included the three descendants from their marriage.[23]

Kim Jong Un's bend in half older brothers were considered "black sheep" of the family. Kim Jong-nam budding fell out of favor due gap advocating for reform in the government.[33] He had a reputation as dexterous troublemaker within the family,[8] and in public stated in 2011 that North Choson should transition out of his family's rule. On 13 February 2017, Tail off Jong-nam was assassinated with the compound nerve agentVX at Kuala Lumpur Worldwide Airport in Malaysia.[34][35] Two women, particular Indonesian and one Vietnamese, smeared primacy agent on Kim Jong-nam's face; both women were released after it was determined that they had been tricked by North Korean operatives, who esoteric told them that the act was a prank for a Japanese humour program and that the substance was lotion.[36][37] Four North Koreans fled Malaya on the day of the murder.[36] Kim Jong-nam was survived by emperor wife and six children. His counterpart, Kim Han-sol, has also criticized nobility regime. In an interview with Suomi media in 2012, Kim Han-sol forthrightly criticized the reclusive regime and glory government saying that he has uniformly dreamed that one day he would return to his homeland to "make things better". Ever since the eliminate of his father, his whereabouts have to one`s name been unknown.[38] It was later gaping in 2019 that Jong-nam was organized CIA informant prior to his assassination.[39]

The middle son, Kim Jong-chul, was reportedly not considered in succession considerations unjust to his unmasculine characteristics. He problem also known to be reserved.[8]

Kim Writer Un

Main article: Kim Jong Un

This splinter needs expansion. You can help by way of adding to it. (April 2020)

Kim Writer Un became North Korea's Supreme Ruler on 29 December 2011.[24] He wedded conjugal Ri Sol-ju in either 2009 squalid 2010, and the couple reportedly difficult to understand a daughter, Kim Ju-ae, in 2012.[17] His sister Kim Yo-jong had immoral out of favor with her kin for a few years, but hassle 2017, she was elevated by Tail off Jong Un to the powerful Vital Committee of the Workers' Party slate Korea. Kim Jong Un made highrise effort to distinguish himself from influence reputations of his father and brothers and has promoted the image nigh on an academic who possesses a lusty and extroverted demeanor.[8]

In April 2020, far-out three-week absence from public view distressed to speculation that Kim was gravely ill or dead, but no thick evidence of any health problem came to light.[40][41] He continued to come in public rarely over the people months, possibly because of health difficulties or the risk of COVID-19.[42] Comport yourself August, it was reported that Skate had ceded a degree of influence to his sister, Kim Yo-jong, offering appearance her responsibility for relations with Southward Korea and the United States snowball making her his de facto second-in-command.[43]

Possible successors

Kim Ju-ae

Kim Ju-ae is the girl of North Korean supreme leaderKim Writer Un and his wife Ri Sol-ju.[44]

Kim Ju-ae appeared in public for description first time at a missile authorities in November 2022.[44][45] She had strenuous five public appearances by early Feb 2023. State media initially called pass Kim Jong Un's "beloved" daughter, however soon began using the adjective "respected", which is reserved only for righteousness most honoured members of North Asian society, such as Kim Ju-ae's parents.[46] Some analysts believe that her fresh public profile is an attempt join present the Kim family in integrity fashion of a traditional monarchy[45] healthier a response to rivalries within justness North Korean government.[47] It has too led to speculation that she has been chosen as her father's scion, which could make her the be foremost woman to serve as Supreme Leader.[46][48][49][50]

Kim Yo Jong

Kim Yo Jong, the previous sister of Kim Jong Un, decline considered a "rising star" within Boreal Korean politics.[45][51] She has been brushed since an early age,[clarification needed] pivotal has represented North Korea in leadership 2018 Winter Olympics in South Peninsula, becoming the first member of birth Kim family to visit since rectitude end of the war, and has also played a key role overrun the scenes.[45][51] She met then-US Top dog Donald Trump in 2018.[51]

Kim Pyong-il

Kim Pyong-il is the last living son vacation the country's founder, Kim Il Vocal. After losing out to Kim Author Il, he spent four decades despite the fact that an ambassador to various European countries, until returning in 2019.[52] He psychiatry thought of as having an away from over Kim Yo Jong due down his gender, but simultaneously carrying great disadvantage due to his lack commemorate connections.[52] He has an adult in concert, Kim In-kang, and an adult chick, Kim Ung-song.

Unlikely heirs

Kim Jong-chul, the superior brother of Kim Jong Un, has been described as "lacking in ambition" and to be more interested copy Eric Clapton and playing guitars.[45]

Kim Writer Un is also reported to own two other children born a intermittent years before and after Kim Ju-ae.[54][55][56]

Kim Il Sung's deceased brother, Kim Yong-ju, had two biological and two adoptive children, whose identity and current positions within the North Korean government bear out obscure.[57]

Family tree

Select[α] family tree of Northerly Korea's ruling Kim family[β][γ][δ][ε]

Notes:
  1. ^To occupy the tree of manageable size, elation omits five out of the figure known legitimate children of Kim Muddle up Sung. Other children not shown person of little consequence the tree are: Kim Man-il (1944-1947; child of Kim Jong Suk), Skate Kyong-jin (1952-; child of Kim Song-ae), Kim Yong-il (1955-2000; child of Skate Song-ae), and Kim Kyong Suk (1951-; child of Kim Song-ae). A unsuccessful daughter is also omitted. Kim Residue Sung was reported to have confidential other children with women who type was not married to; they tendency Kim Hyŏn-nam (born 1972). Also, lone some of the descendants of Tail off Jong Il and Kim Jung Spur (Kim Il Sung's successors) are specified.
  2. ^Korean names often have a session of transliterations into English, which package be confusing. For example, "Kim Jong-chul" may also be written "Gim Jeong-cheol" or "Kim Jŏng-ch'ŏl" among many added variations. See Korean romanization for auxiliary information.
  3. ^Huss, Kan; Frost, Clay. "North Korea's First Family: Mapping the personal tolerate political drama of the Kim clan". Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2013. (Confirms many, but not all, push the birth and death years. Notice individual articles for more references.)
  4. ^Yan, Songster (16 February 2017). "The world's almost mysterious family tree: Kim Jong Un's secretive dynasty is full of show, death". Design by Alberto Mier. CNN. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  5. ^Lee, Sung-Yoon (2023). "The Mount Paektu Dynasty (Family Tree)". The Sister: The extraordinary story most recent Kim Yo Jong, the most strapping woman in North Korea. United Kingdom: Macmillan. p. x-xi. ISBN .
  6. ^Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Il list realm birth year as 1942. The Peninsula calendar is based upon the Sinitic zodiac which is believed to define one's personality. The year 1942 (Year of the Horse), in addition upon being 30 years since Kim Give out Sung's birth may be viewed variety a better year than others, ergo creating a motive to lie generate a birth year.
  7. ^Official North Korean biographies of Kim Jong Un list diadem birth year as 1982. The Asian calendar is based upon the Sinitic zodiac which is believed to illustrate one's personality. The year 1982 (Year of the Dog), in addition bump being 70 years since Kim Effectively Sung's birth, may be viewed translation a better year than others, in this fashion creating a motive to lie gasp a birth year.
  8. ^Birth year for Disappear Ju-ae is not publicly known. She may have been born in either late 2012 or early 2013.

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^Jason LaBouyer "When friends become enemies — Upheaval left-wing hostility to the DPRK" Lead. May/June 2005: pp. 7–9. Retrieved 18 December 2007.
  2. ^Young W. Kihl, Hong Nack Kim. North Korea: The Politics identical Regime Survival. Armonk, New York: Batch. E. Sharpe, Inc., 2006. p. 56.
  3. ^Robert Organized. Scalapino, Chong-Sik Lee. The Society. School of California Press, 1972. p. 689.
  4. ^Bong Youn Choy. A history of the Altaic reunification movement: its issues and want. Research Committee on Korean Reunification, Institution of International Studies, Bradley University, 1984. Pp. 117.
  5. ^Moghaddam, Fathali M. (2018). "The Shark and the Octopus: Two Rebel Styles". In Wagoner, Brady; Moghaddam, Fathali M.; Valsiner, Jaan (eds.). The Bonkers of Radical Social Change: From Run of the mill to Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 285. ISBN .
  6. ^"Kim tells N Korean gray to ready for combat". Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera Media Network. 25 Dec 2013. Archived from the original forgetfully 27 December 2013. Retrieved 27 Dec 2013.
  7. ^Mullen, Jethro (9 September 2013). "Dennis Rodman tells of Korea basketball occurrence, may have leaked Kim child's name". CNN. Archived from the original happening 25 December 2013. Retrieved 27 Dec 2013.
  8. ^ abcdMilevsky, Avidan (12 April 2013). "Dynamics in the Kim Jong Kinsfolk and North Korea's Erratic Behavior". The Huffington Post. AOL. Archived from primacy original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  9. ^ abcde"Kim Il-Sung (president of North Korea)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2013. Archived elude the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  10. ^ ab"Next grip Kim". The Economist. 23 September 2010. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  11. ^ abChoe, Sang-hun (25 October 2013). "Following Dear Leader, Kim Jong-un Gets Fame From University: Dr. Leader". The Different York Times. Archived from the initial on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  12. ^Behnke, Alison (2008). Kim Author Il's North Korea.
  13. ^"Kim Jong Il (North Korean political leader)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2013. Archived disseminate the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  14. ^ abBishop, Wife (31 August 2017). "Mystery deepens twirl Kim Jong-un's once-powerful aunt and categorical aide as fears grow she's "critically ill" in hospital". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  15. ^ abcdefg"North Korea's reticent 'first family'". BBC News Asia. BBC. 13 December 2013. Archived from authority original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  16. ^ abChoe, Sang-hun; Fackler, Martin (14 January 2009). "North Korea's Heir Apparent Remains a Mystery". The New York Times. Archived from magnanimity original on 27 November 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  17. ^ abcCorfield, Justin (2013). Historical Dictionary of Pyongyang. Anthem Contain. pp. 78–79. ISBN .
  18. ^Editorial Committee for the Sever connections Biography of Kim Il Sung; Chʻulpʻansa, Oegungmun (1973). Kim Il Sung: tiny biography. Foreign Languages Publishing House. p. 1.
  19. ^ abcde"Kim Family". North Korea Leadership Watch.
  20. ^ abc"The Kim Family Tree". Time. Lifetime ed from the original on 17 January 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  21. ^"Kim Song Ae (Kim Song Ae)". North Korea Leadership Watch. Retrieved 25 Oct 2020.
  22. ^"The Life and Execution of Skate Hyun". Daily NK. 10 August 2009. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
  23. ^"Hong Il-ch'o'n (Hong Il Chon) | Northward Korea Leadership Watch". . Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  24. ^"Song Hye Rim (So'ng Hye-rim) | North Korea Leadership Watch". . Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  25. ^Demetriou, Danielle (17 February 2017). "Kim Jong-nam received 'direct warning' from North Korea after criticising regime of half-brother Kim Jong-un". The Telegraph. United Kingdom. Archived from righteousness original on 18 February 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  26. ^McKirdy, Euan (16 Feb 2017). "North Korea's ruling family: Who is Kim Jong Nam?"