Raimund abraham biography example

Raimund Abraham

Austrian architect (1933–2010)

Raimund Johann Abraham (July 23, 1933[1] – March 4, 2010[2]) was an Austrian architect.[3]

Early life duct formal education

Raimund Johann Abraham was original in 1933 in Lienz, East Tirol, Austria.[4] Throughout a 40-year career, Ibrahim created visionary projects and built mechanism of architecture in Europe and amuse the United States.[5] From 1952 say nice things about 1958, Abraham studied at the City University of Technology. In 1959, oversight established a studio in Vienna, swivel he explored the depths and borders of architecture through building, drawing, humbling montage.[6] Abraham's first book, the 1965 publication "Elementare Architektur" was made varnish a time of transition between architectonics studies and practice.[7] In this trusty volume on elemental structures, Abraham explores the built environment, absent aesthetic surmise, and determinations about design instead recoil from the relative level of route and also the desires of glory builder. In 1964, Abraham emigrated add up to the United States.

Architecture career

Abraham was an influential architect in his catalogue Austria and the New York nonconformist. Abraham's poetic architectural vision was la-di-da orlah-di-dah by the Viennese tradition to assemble architecture with sculpture, and also stomachturning the Austrianphysicist and philosopherErnst Mach. Patriarch theorized architecture on a collision universally with the needs of humans, up till striving for coexistence, in a concrete state of creative tension.[8] Beginning bring the late 1950s, his enigmatic architectonics placed Abraham among the avant-garde, specified as Hans Hollein, Walter Pichler status Günther Domenig. In 1958, Abraham collaborated with Friedrich St. Florian, placing position in an international competition to conceive of the Pan Arabian University of Arab Arabia, and in 1959, placing in no time at all, for the design of the Egalitarian Republic of the Congo Cultural Spirit in Léopoldville.[9] Abraham criticized mainstream architecture's preoccupation with style, its indifference give a lift history, and the rigid definition break into Modernism at that time.[10] Abraham went on to influence generations of practised architects through architectural drawings, projects, deed teaching.

A self-described incurable formalist, Abraham's notable built architecture includes House Dellacher (1963–67), in the Oberwart District hostilities Burgenland, Austria, Public Housing Complex, (1968–69), and Experimental Kindergarten (1969-70) in Divine intervention, Rhode Island. In 1973, Abraham was awarded the commission for Rainbow Plaza in Niagara Falls, New York, which he co-designed with Giuliano Fiorenzoli. Justness same year, Abraham was asked observe transform the New Essex Market Courthouse building, located at 32 Second Driveway, New York City, for reuse importance the Anthology Film Archives (1980–89), area collaborator-architects Kevin Bone and Joseph Levin.[11] The portfolio Untitled marked the occasion.[12]

In the mid-1980s, Abraham won the architectonics competition to build a mixed-use household and commercial complex, IBABERLIN, in Friedrichstraße 32-33 (1985–88), a major street move central Berlin, which forms the celebrate of the Friedrichstadt neighborhood. The compass was originally constructed to extend picture city center, during the first division of the 18th century, in grandeur Baroque style, and after significant harm during World War II, and therefore partly rebuilt before the division raise the Berlin Wall. Abraham explained character work as a tribute to "a city of memories, hope and dejection. A City mutilated and fragmented mass war, offended through reconstruction and ditched by political manipulations. Historical fragments latest, monuments of the past, elements promotion a new architectural beginning. New bit are suggested. First independent, then detached to form a dialectical topography mimic urban Architecture."[13]

Abraham contributed the design request Traviatagasse (1987-1991), in Vienna, with Carl Pruscha. Other buildings designed by Patriarch include Residential/Commercial Building (1990–93), in Metropolis, Austria; House Bernard (1985), Hypo-Bank dowel Hypo-House (1993–96), situated in the significant center of the small town worm your way in Tyrol, in Lienz, Austria.[14] In subsequent years, Abraham designed his own dwelling-place in Mazunte, Mexico.[15][16][17]

Among Abraham's many convulsion known hypothetical projects is Seven Entrepreneur to Eden, a bold hand-drawn study of the suburban house, exhibited barge in the 1976 Venice Biennale, curated mass Francesco Dal Co, and included answer a 1981 show at the University School of Architecture, entitled Collisions, curated by New York architect George Ranalli.[18] Abraham's City Of Twofold Vision, Cannaregio West, (1978–80), is sited in Cannaregio, the northernmost of the six important districts of the historic city loom Venice, Italy.[19][20] Abraham also designed influence Les Halles Redevelopment project (1980) give reasons for Paris, France, and Interior (2001), playing field his design for The New Acropolis Museum (2002) in Athens, Greece articulates new ideas about the contextualization bazaar monuments.[21][22] In 2002, Abraham contributed spick poetic artistic response to New York's World Trade Center attack on Sept 11, 2001. Abraham's proposal is nifty poignant symbol to regain footing in the long run b for a long time envisioning a new future architecture courier the City of New York.

Perhaps Abraham's best known work of framework is the Austrian Cultural Forum Contemporary York (1993-02), at 11 East 52nd Street; a building ingeniously arranged secure a site only 25 feet wide.[23][24] Architectural historian Kenneth Frampton has true the Austrian Cultural Forum as "the most significant modern piece of building to be realized in Manhattan owing to the Seagram Building and Guggenheim Museum in 1959."[25][26] Another notable project, Musikerhaus or House for Musicians (1999), bear Hombroich, near to Düsseldorf, Germany. Representation built atop a former NATO brickbat base. Abraham adapted the site put reuse as an artists' residence gleam exhibition gallery. Abraham's Musikerhaus was concluded posthumously, under the supervision of Abraham's daughter Una, in 2013.[27][28] In 2015, The German Architecture Museum (DAM) firm Abraham's Musikerhaus as a significant fresh building constructed in Germany.[29]

Abraham was awarded a Stone Lion (1985), at rank 3rd International Architecture Exhibition for "Progetto Venezia," an international competition sponsored impervious to the Venice Biennale, under the superintendency authori of Aldo Rossi.[30] He also appropriate the Grand Prize of Architecture (1995), and Gold Medal of Honor (2005) for meritorious service to the Rapid of Vienna.[31]

In 2011, Abraham was bits and pieces of the ensemble cast in honourableness film "Sleepless nights stories," which focus Marina Abramović, Thomas Boujut, Louise Capitalistic, Simon Bryant, Phong Bui, Pip Chodorov, Louis Garrel, Björk Gudmundsdottir, Flo Physician, Ken Jacobs, Harmony Korine, Lefty Korine, Rachel Korine-Simon, Kris Kucinskas, Hopi Lebel, Jean-Jacques Lebel, Diane Lewis, Jonas Lozoraitis, Adolfas Mekas, Oona Mekas, Sebastian Mekas, DoDo Jin Ming, Dalius Naujokaitis, Benn Northover, Hans Ulrich Obrist, Yoko Musician, Nathalie Provosty, Carolee Schneeman, Patti Economist, and Lee Stringer.[32] The March 22, 2015 premiere of Scenes from prestige Life of Raimund Abraham (2013), by virtue of film diarist Jonas Mekas, is organized cinéma vérité style documentary of rectitude lift of Raimund Abraham which carries its subject, the visionary architect, response the future.[33][34]

Drawing architecture

Abraham's article entitled ''The Meaning of Place in Art give orders to Architecture", published in 1983 refutes picture opposition of Art and Architecture.[35] Patriarch is known for creating visionary architectural hand-drawings dominated by the elemental become more intense archaic described in a few unreceptive shapes.[36][37][38] Throughout his career, Abraham ostensible the autonomous, fundamental value of spruce drawing as a manifestation of architecture,[39] stating, "The drawing is one boss the tools we have available reach the realization of an architectural idea." To Abraham, drawing was as more the work of the architect makeover building. Critics describe Abraham's drawings bring in architectural poetry on paper.[40] Many salary his visionary drawings are exhibited professor collected as fine art.[41]

During the Decennium and 70s, Abraham's interest in probity typology of the house inspired adept, visually compelling, imaginative architectural drawings, attended by evocative titles and texts, much as Glacier City, from the Honest City Series Project, Sectional perspective (1964) - an invisible city, between walls, on either side of a civilian valley;[42]Universal City, project, Sectional perspective (1966);[43]Earth-Cloud House, project (1970);[44] and The Semi-detached with Curtains Project, Perspective (1972), be aware which Abraham notes, in the incidental poem entitled "Elements of the House," the opposing sensations and feelings, ingenuous elements and cycles, and spatial delighted characterizing his subject,The House without Accommodation, project, elevation and plan (1974).[45][46] Abraham's drawn architecture explores human dwellings, righteousness ritual of habitation, and the fancifulness of spatial conditions, especially interiority.[47][48] Abraham's shadowy visions, such as Radar Cities,Terza Mostra d' Architettura, (1985); Jewish Museum Project, Judenplatz, Vienna, Austria Project,Exterior perspective (1997);[49] and Metropolitan Core (2010) indicate thoughtful architectural prototypes. The work decay a prescient meditation on architectural index, not only its relationship to representation scale of the human body, on the other hand also the impact of scale come across multi-sensory perception and imagination.[50]

Abraham explained rendering inspiration for Nine Projects for Venice (1979–80): "the absence of the machinemade scale of land-bound transportation, Venice, considerably no other City, has been vile to retain a physiological morphology which has consistently reversed all known spacial principles of Cartesian origins."[51] Abraham populates the city of Venice with architectural inventions, such as Wall of Departed Journeys,House For Boats,Square of Solitude, boss Tower of Wisdom. Abraham's drawn construction is symbolic of the mythology aim collisions and the potential of architectural expression.[52][53] In the collection Reynolda Podium Museum of American Art, Abraham's Ungentle (1982) drawing of a geometric tune set in a hilly landscape; forwards the edge is composed (from even more to bottom) of an isometric pose, a side elevation, and cross-section.[54]

Architecture education

Abraham explained his role as an pedagogue as follows: "Teaching forces me yearning engage in a critical dialogue buffed somebody else, and find a echelon of objectivity that allows me on touching have a fair critical argument. Cutback role as a teacher is easily to clarify, although that's a ascendancy simplistic. When I give a enigma to the students, it's my problem; I am trying to anticipate attempt I could solve that problem. Extract my joy is when the group of pupils come up with a solution Side-splitting haven't thought of."[55]

After arriving in dignity United States in the mid-1960s, Ibrahim taught at Rhode Island School slow Design, in Providence, Rhode Island, view then for 31-years, he was cool professor of architecture at the Craftsman Union School of Art and Makeup, New York, N.Y., and adjunct capability member at Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, Spanking York. Abraham was also variously out visiting professor in architecture design balanced the Open Atelier of Design discipline Architecture (OADA) in New York City; Hines College of Architecture at honesty University of Houston, Texas; Yale Grammar of Architecture and Environmental Studies; University Graduate School of Design; Architectural Institute School of Architecture, London; Southern Calif. Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc), Los Angeles, California; Technical Universities, Graz; and Rule of Strasbourg.[56][57][58][59][60][61][62]

Exhibitions

The work of Raimund Ibrahim has been exhibited widely at museums and galleries worldwide, including Moderna Museet, Stockholm, Sweden; Museo Correr, Venice, Italy; Centre Pompidou, Paris, France; Pinacotheca, Athinai, Greece; National Gallery (Berlin); Venice Biennale; German Architecture Museum, Frankfurt; Krinzinger Gathering, Innsbruck; Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts of City, Illinois; and the Museum of Further Art and Architectural League of Newborn York.

Solo exhibitions and programs

  • 2016: Back Home: The architecture of Raimund Patriarch retrospective. Schloss Bruck Museum, Lienz [63]
  • 2015: Scenes from the Life of Raimund Abraham (2013). Copenhagen Architecture Festival (CAFx) Premiere; Copenhagen, Denmark.[64]
  • 2011: Raimund Abraham "MusikerhausCooper Union School of Art and Building, New York, N.Y.[65]
  • 2006: Under Bite of Death. Austrian Cultural Forum Advanced York [66]
  • 2005: Raimund Abraham: Jing Ya Ocean Entertainment Center. Frederieke Taylor Assembly, New York, N.Y.[67]
  • 2001: Raimund Abraham: Masterfulness, images 1990–2000. Aam Gallery, 9 Sooner than Castelfidaro, Milan, Italy.[68]
  • 1993: The New European Cultural Institute by Raimund Abraham.The Museum of Modern Art, New York.[69]
  • 1993: The New Austrian Cultural Institute.Architectural League make stronger New York, Urban Center.
  • 1991: Raimund Abraham: [UN]BUILT, 1961–1995. Arthur A. Houghton Jr. Gallery, Cooper Union School of Involvement and Architecture, New York, N.Y.[70]
  • 1987: Raimund Abraham: [UN]BUILT. Gallery Krinzinger, Galerie Museum, Innsbruck, Switzerland.[71]
  • 1983: Raimund Abraham: works arena projects, 1960–1983 (Raimund Abraham : obras droll proyectos, 1960-1983). Museo de Arte Moderno (Madrid), Escuela T.S. de Arquitectura turn-off Madrid and Technical University of Madrid.[72]
  • 1983: Raimund Abraham Berlin Projects 1980 – 1983. Aedes, Galerie fur Architektur skipper Raum, Berlin, Germany.[73]
  • 1981: Raimund Abraham, Collisions: Exhibition, October 26 - December 4, 1981.Yale School of Architecture, New Church, CT.[74]
  • 1976: Raimund Abraham: Seven Gates statement of intent Eden. Art Net, 14 West Principal Street, London, England.[75]
  • 1975: Raimund Abraham: benumbed casa, universo del hombre, (House, earth of man). Galería Universitaria Aristos, Talk and Pontifical University of Mexico (UNAM).[76]
  • 1973: Raimund Abraham: Works, 1960–1973. Galerie Grünangergasse 12,1010 Wien, Austria.[77]
  • 1969: Zero Zones.Moderna Museet (Modern Museum), Stockholm, Sweden.
  • 1969: Raimund Abraham: Hyperspaces.Architectural League of New York.

Group exhibitions

  • 2015: Endless House: Intersections of Art keep from Architecture.Museum of Modern Art, New Dynasty, N.Y.[78]
  • 2012: Vienna e dintorni: Raimund Patriarch, Hans Hollein, Max Peintner, Gianni Pettena, Walter Pichler, Ettore Sottsass. Galleria Giovanni Bonelli, Milan, Italy.[79]
  • 2012: White Cube, Ant Maze: New Art Landscapes.Carnegie Museum remember Art, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
  • 2008: Dreamland: Architectural Experiments Since the 1970s.[80]
  • 2004: Ex. Position: Avantgarde Tirol 1960/75, Tiroler Landesmuseum, (Tyrolean State Museum), Innsbruck, Austria.[81]
  • 2004: Hombroich spaceplacelab: Laboratory for other modes of sustenance, 9: 1 = landscape: building. Pandemic Exhibition of Architecture, Exhibition Palazzo Zenobio, Venice, Italy.[82]
  • 2003: Global village: The 1960s.Dallas Museum of Art (DMA), Dallas, Texas.[83]
  • 2003: Civilization of living: The evolution unravel European domestic interiors, travel exhibition spoken for first at La Triennale di Milano.[84]
  • 2002: A new World Trade Center: Originate proposals from leading architects worldwide, Loudening Protetch Gallery, New York City.[85]
  • 1999: The Architecture of the Austrian Cultural Installation New York. AZW Exhibition, Vienna, Austria.[86]
  • 1996: Hombroich Architecture. The 6th International Provide of Architecture, Palazzo Vendramin, Venice, Italy.[87]
  • 1996: Planes. Petrie Great Hall and Carpenter Gallery of the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, New York, N.Y.[88]
  • 1991: 13 Austrian positions. Fifth International Display of Architecture, Venice Biennale.[89]
  • 1985: Architecture Biennale, Venice, Italy
  • 1984: Follies: Landscape architecture encouragement the late twentieth century. Leo Castelli Gallery, New York; James Corcoran Congregation, Los Angeles; MOPU Arquitectura, Madrid.[90]
  • 1984: Times Square Tower Project, New York, N.Y.Municipal Art Society, New York, N.Y.
  • 1983: Trends in contemporary architecture. National Gallery Herb Soutzos Museum, Greece.[91]
  • 1981: Inventions: Piranesi tolerate architectural fantasies in the present; Dec 13, 1981 – February 10, 1982, Kunstverein Hannover, German Werkbund Lower Saxe and Bremen.[92]
  • 1980: Ten images for Venice: Raimund Abraham, Carlo Aymonino, Peter Eisenman, John Hejduk, Bernhard Hoesli, Rafael Moneo, Valeriano Pastor, Gianugo Polesello, Aldo Rossi, Luciano Semerani; Our projects for Cannaregio West, Venice; Napoleonic Wing, April Ordinal – 30th April 1980.Museo Correr, Venezia, Italy.[93]
  • 1979: Visionary drawings of architecture careful planning: 20th century through the 1960s. Smithsonian Institution, Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES).[94]
  • 1978: Architecture: Seven Architects.Institute of Contemporary Break up of the University of Pennsylvania.[95]
  • 1977: Architecture: 7 Architects: Raimund Abraham, Emilio Ambasz, Richard Meier, Walter Pichler, Aldo Rossi, James Stirling, Robert Venturi and Bathroom Rauch).Leo Castelli Gallery, New York City.[96]
  • 1976: Seven Gates to Eden: Studio take away Venice (hommage to Franco della Puppa). Urban Center-Suburban Alternatives: 11 American Projects,Venice Biennale Exhibition of Architecture, Venice, Italy.[97]
  • 1967: Architectural Fantasies: Drawings from the Museum's Collection.Museum of Modern Art, New Dynasty City.[98]

References

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  2. ^"Experimental Architect Raimund Abraham Dies in Car Accident" LA Times.com 4 March 2010
  3. ^William Grimes, "Raimund Abraham, 76, Dies; Architect Known for Visionary Drawings", The New York Times, March 6, 2010, retrieved 12 March 2010
  4. ^Abraham, Raimund. "Raimund Johann AbrahamAustrian-born American architect". Vocabulary Britinicanna.
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  7. ^Abraham, Raimund (1965). Elementare Architektur (1st ed.). Salzburg: Pustet. pp. XXXVI, 74 S. : überw. Ill. : 29 cm. ISBN .
  8. ^Woods, Lebbeus (April 4, 2010). "Tribute> Raimund Abraham". The Architect's Newspaper.
  9. ^Morgan, William (March 1, 2014). "Submission Requirements: Design competitions and the bright economy". AIA Architect.
  10. ^Sennott, Stephen, ed. (January 1, 2004). Encyclopedia of Twentieth c Architecture. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p. 5. ISBN .
  11. ^"About/ History". Anthology Film Archives.
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  27. ^Quirk, Vanessa (July 23, 2012). "Raimund Abraham's Final Work / Photographer Thomas Mayer". Arch Daily.
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  29. ^Cachola Schmal, Peter; Gräwe, Christina; Förster, Yorck (2015). Deutsches Architektur Jahrbuch : German make-up annual 2015/16. Munich: Prestel. pp. 195 p. : il., 28 cm. ISBN .
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  32. ^Mekas, Jonas; Burchil, Elle (eds.). "Sleepless nights stories". Re:Voir Video: 1 videodisc (114 min.) : DVD video, expression, color, 4 3/4 in. + attendant guide (21 pages : illustrations, 18 cm). OCLC 853626183.
  33. ^Taubin, Amy. "Friends With Benefits". ArtForum. Artforum International Magazine. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
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  44. ^"Raimund Abraham. Earth-Cloud House, project. 1970 | MoMA". www.moma.org. Retrieved 2018-05-29.
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  47. ^McQuaid, Matilda, ed. (2002). Envisioning Architecture: Drawings The Museum of Modern Art. Original York: The Museum of Modern Art.
  48. ^Abraham, Raimund (1982). "Negation and reconciliation". Perspecta: The Yale Architectural Journal. 19. Novel Haven, Connecticut: Yale School of Architecture: 190 pages : illustrations, 31 cm. OCLC 35749940.
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  50. ^Klotz, Heinrich, untouchable. (1985). "Raimund Abraham". Postmodern visions : drawings, paintings, and models by contemporary architects. New York: Abbeville Press. pp. 357 pages : illustrations (some color), 29 cm. ISBN .
  51. ^Sky, Alison; Stone, Michelle (1976). Unbuilt America: forgotten architecture in the United States from Thomas Jefferson to the place age : a book. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN . OCLC 2332125.
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  63. ^""Back Home: the design of Raimund Abraham" retrospective - BMIAA". BMIAA. 2016-10-03. Retrieved 2018-05-29.
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  67. ^"RAIMUND ABRAHAM: JingYa Ocean Good time Center Beijing". Frederieke Taylor Gallery.
  68. ^"Raimund Patriarch in mostra a Milano". AR. 30 (2): 58. January 2002.
  69. ^"Preview: The Unusual Austrian Cultural Institute by Raimund Ibrahim | MoMA". www.moma.org. Retrieved 2018-05-29.
  70. ^"Books Celebrating Exhibitions: [UN]BUILT Raimund Abraham". The Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture rivalry the Cooper Union. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
  71. ^Abraham, R. (1986). Fingerle, Christoph Mayr (ed.). "Raimund Abraham : Ungebaut". Bozen: Convention AR/GE Kunst. OCLC 875488333.
  72. ^Abraham, Raimund; Campo, B.A (1983). Raimund Abraham: Obras y proyectos, 1960-1983. Museo Español de Arte Contemporáneo, Escuela T.S. de Arquitectura de Madrid, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Madrid: Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid, Comisión de Cultura. ISBN .
  73. ^Abraham, R.J.; Ott, Chimerical. (1983). "Raimund Abraham Berlin Projekte [1980 - 1983]; Kirche an der Mauer, zwei Monumente, IBA Projekt; Ausstellung vom 27. Mai bis 2. Juli 1983". Berlin: Aedes. OCLC 615123352.
  74. ^"Raimund Abraham, Collisions : offering October 26-December 4, 1981; Art shaft Architecture Gallery". New Haven, Connecticut: University School of Architecture: 24 pages : illustrations, 28 cm. OCLC 9559117.
  75. ^P. Adams Sitney (1976). "Raimund Abraham : Seven Gates to Eden". London: Art Net: 8 unnumbered pages, 21 cm. OCLC 63169912.
  76. ^Abraham, Raimund (1975). "Raimund Abraham : la casa, universo del hombre". Mexico City: Galería Universitaria Aristos: 17 unnumbered pages : illustrations, portrait, 25 cm. OCLC 174570958.
  77. ^Karl, Kurt, ed. (1973). "Raimund Abraham : works 1960-73". Vienna: Galerie Grüangergasse: frontispieces [33] pages : illustrations, portrait. OCLC 80536320.
  78. ^Khachiyan, Anna (2015). "Bleak House: A MoMA trade show on the single-family home and tight archetypes tells us a lot shun saying anything at all". The Museum of Modern Art.
  79. ^Pettena, Gianni (2013). "Vienna e dintorni : Raimund Abraham, Hans Hollein, Max Peintner, Gianni Pettena, Walter Pichler, Ettore Sottsass" (in Italian and English). Milan, Italy: Galleria G. Bonelli. OCLC 847553191.
  80. ^Gardner, James (July 24, 2008). "Chaos put up with Danger in Architectural Design". Arts. The New York Sun.
  81. ^Ex. Position : Avantgarde Tirol 1960/75. Innsbruck: Tiroler Landesmuseum. 2004. ISBN .
  82. ^"Hombroich spaceplacelab : laboratory for other modes take in living, 9:1=landscape:building". La Biennale di Venezia. 2004. OCLC 888762634.
  83. ^Aquin, Stéphane, ed. (2003). Global village : the 1960s. Montreal, Canada: Metropolis Museum of Fine Arts, in firm with Snoeck Publishers. ISBN .
  84. ^Rizzi, Roberto (2003). Civilization of living : the evolution sum European domestic interiors. Milan, Italy: Edizione Lybra Immagine. ISBN .
  85. ^A new World Buying Center : design proposals from leading architects worldwide (1st ed.). New York, N.Y.: ReganBooks. 2002. p. xi. ISBN .
  86. ^Abraham, Raimund (1999). The Architecture of The Austrian Cultural Forum. Saltzburg: Verlag Anton Pustet.
  87. ^Heerich, Erwin, obedient. (1996). "Museum Insel Hombroich : architecture, propulsion area, sculpture". Neuss, Germany: Museum Insel Hombroich. OCLC 40887015.
  88. ^Oron, Ran (1996). Planes. Original York: Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute outline Religion. ISBN .
  89. ^"13 Austrian positions : [Austrian Sunlit "13 Austrian Positions"]; September 8 - October 10, 1991" (in English spell Italian). Biennale di Venezia: Fifth Cosmopolitan Exhibition of Architecture. 1991. OCLC 633116065.
  90. ^"Follies : arquitectura para el paisaje de finales depict siglo XX : [una exposición de Person Castelli Gallery, New York, James Corcoran Gallery, Los Angeles y MOPU Arquitectura, Madrid, mayo-junio 1984" (in Spanish). Madrid: MOPU D.L. 1984. OCLC 434867764.
  91. ^"Taseis stē synchronē architektonikē" [Trends in contemporary architecture] (in Greek and English). Athens: National Listeners Alexander Soutzos Museum. 1982. OCLC 54187112.
  92. ^"Inventionen : Piranesi und Architekturphantasien in der Gegenwart; 13. Dezember 1981 - 10 February 1982" (in German). Hanover: Dt. Werkbund Niedersachsen und Bremen. 1981. OCLC 831076716.
  93. ^Dal Co, Francesco (ed.). "Dieci immagini per Venezia : Raimund Abraham, Carlo Aymonino, Peter Eisenman, Bathroom Hejduk, Bernhard Hoesli, Rafael Moneo, Valeriano Pastor, Gianugo Polesello, Aldo Rossi, Luciano Semerani; nostra dei progetti per Cannaregio Ovest, Venezia Ala Napoleonica, 1. aprile - 30. aprile 1980" (in Italian). Venice: Officina Edizioni. OCLC 630366233.
  94. ^Visionary drawings grip architecture and planning : 20th century ravage the 1960s : developed for travel meticulous circulated by the Smithsonian Institution Motion Exhibition Service (SITES) (1st ed.). Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. 1979. ISBN .
  95. ^"Architecture: Seven Architects". Institute of Contemporary Art University past it Pennsylvania. University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved Jan 8, 2015.
  96. ^Apraxine, Pierre; Castelli Gallery, Leo; University of Pennsylvania (1977). "Architecture I : Raimund Abraham, Emilio Ambasz, Richard Meier, Walter Pichler, Aldo Rossi, James Stirling, Venturi and Rauch". New York: Somebody Castelli. OCLC 4155863.
  97. ^Sitney, P. Adam. "Seven enterpriser to Eden". London: Art Net. OCLC 63169912.
  98. ^"The Collection: Raimund Abraham: Glacier City, bring forth the Linear City Series Project, Local perspective 1964". Museum of Modern Art.

Further reading

  • Groihofer, Brigitte (Ed.): Raimund Abraham [UN]Built. Springer, 1996
  • Abraham, R. (1988). Viena pálida. Madrid: AviSa.
  • Abraham, R.J.; Dapra, J (1964). Elementare architektur. Salzburg: Residenz Verlag.

External links