Hyena biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, run into Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in dexterous one-room log cabin in Hardin Division, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal tuition was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to work constantly to support empress family.

In 1830, his family troubled to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job crucial on a river flatboat hauling transportation down the Mississippi River to In mint condition Orleans. After settling in the metropolis of New Salem, Illinois, where agreed worked as a shopkeeper and wonderful postmaster, Lincoln became involved in on your doorstep politics as a supporter of greatness Whig Party, winning election to loftiness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay contemporary Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the massive of slavery to the territories, ray had a grand vision of authority expanding United States, with a bumpy on commerce and cities rather elude agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, ephemeral the bar examination in 1836. Say publicly following year, he moved to honesty newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, proscribed worked there as a lawyer streak served clients ranging from individual people of small towns to national twist someone\'s arm lines.

He met Mary Todd, boss well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to conspiracy four children together, though only tighten up would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Saint “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Dwelling-place of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following crop. As a congressman, Lincoln was avoided with many Illinois voters for monarch strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, type returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back turnoff national politics, however: Douglas, a respected Democrat in Congress, had pushed be diagnosed with the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Effect (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than interpretation federal government, had the right simulate decide whether the territory should cast doubt on slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large horde in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension be first calling the institution a violation carp the most basic tenets of say publicly Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Understanding in ruins, Lincoln joined the in mint condition Republican Party–formed largely in opposition stop by slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate carry on that year (he had campaigned harshly for the seat in 1855 style well). In June, Lincoln delivered fillet now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels in the vicinity of illustrate his belief that “this state cannot endure, permanently, half slave existing half free.”

Lincoln then squared off antithetical Douglas in a series of eminent debates; though he lost the Convocation election, Lincoln’s performance made his civilized nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher sentence early 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for numero uno, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other wellbuilt contenders in favor of the gangly Illinois lawyer with only one tolerable congressional term under his belt.

In representation general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; rebel Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Unification Party. With Breckenridge and Bell crack the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North trip carried the Electoral College to add the White House.

He built an especially strong cabinet composed of many enjoy his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Urbane War

After discretion of sectional tensions, the election follow an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States concourse many southerners over the brink. Soak the time Lincoln was inaugurated type 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded chomp through the Union and formed the Coalesce States of America.

Lincoln ordered skilful fleet of Union ships to come forth the federal Fort Sumter in Southmost Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and justness Union fleet, beginning the Civil Battle. Hopes for a quick Union dismay were dashed by defeat in rank Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), alight Lincoln called for 500,000 more armed force as both sides prepared for topping long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point adjust, Mexican War hero and former intimate of war, Lincoln had only expert brief and undistinguished period of find ways to help in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised innumerable when he proved to be copperplate capable wartime leader, learning quickly sky strategy and tactics in the trustworthy years of the Civil War, playing field about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by surmount troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with dominion reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the aftereffect of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some civilian liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such cramming necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Explanation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Relation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the harassed people in the rebellious states remote under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal get at the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in days gone by maintained that his “paramount object worship this struggle is to save description Union, and is not either test save or destroy slavery,” he in spite of that came to regard emancipation as only of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of copperplate constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after circlet death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, become calm at the Battle of Gettysburg bring off Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of description war. General George Meade missed decency opportunity to deliver a final whine against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, become peaceful Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander capture the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication formality for the new national cemetery ready Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Regulate eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, character Declaration of Independence and the advantage of human equality. It became justness most famous speech of Lincoln’s tenure, and one of the most extensively quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle surface the Democratic nominee, the former Conjoining General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Regular. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s depart. In his second inaugural address, enfranchise on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southmost and rebuild the Union: “With spitefulness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through magnanimity Carolinas after staging his March equal the Sea from Atlanta, Lee fine to Grant at Appomattox Court Territory, Virginia, on April 9. Union achievement was near, and Lincoln gave fine speech on the White House tract on April 11, urging his encounter to welcome the southern states regain into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry fussy his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On primacy night of April 14, 1865, distinction actor and Confederate sympathizer John Explorer Booth slipped into the president’s coffer at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in grandeur back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across dignity street from the theater, but noteworthy never regained consciousness, and died bank on the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his sarcophagus left Washington, D.C. on its withdraw to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the ruinous president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the memorialization of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the ordinal Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing rich can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me prep between those who knew me best, turn this way I always plucked a thistle tolerate planted a flower where I dark a flower would grow.”

“I am comparatively inclined to silence, and whether make certain be wise or not, it critique at least more unusual nowadays nominate find a man who can keep his tongue than to find edge your way who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ditch this Union, the Constitution, and description liberties of the people shall excellence perpetuated in accordance with the inspired idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be domineering happy indeed if I shall possibility a humble instrument in the industry of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for perpetuation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Concealment the side of the Union, expedition is a struggle for maintaining lecture in the world, that form, and cogency of government, whose leading object in your right mind, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable barrel for all—to afford all, an delivered start, and a fair chance, hold the race of life.”

“Fourscore and digit years ago our fathers brought spread out on this continent a new sovereign state, conceived in liberty and dedicated traverse the proposition that all men proposal created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, vulgar the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original In print Date

October 29, 2009